In 509 B.C. the Romans kicked their king out and the patricians controlled Rome's government for a period of time. Therefore, the Plebeians did not have much freedom.
1b. How did they win reforms?
Many Plebeians refused to fight in the army unless the patricians came to an agreement with them (497 BC-287 BC)
1c.What changes did they bring in the Roman government?
Plebeians gained better laws, marriage between the two groups was allowed, and enslavement by debt was ended. They put these laws in the Twelve Tables (set of laws).
2. Why did Romans consider that they had a balanced goverment?
Their government was a little bit of each type of government: monarchy, democracy, and aristocracy. They felt that this helped them greatly
3. Once Rome had conquered most of Italy, how did the Roman government win the support of the conquered people?
Different parts of the territory had different laws and treatments from the romans.
4a. At the start of the Punic Wars, why might Carthage have appeared stronger power?
Carthage had a greater population which was 3 times the size of Rome's, they were also very wealthy and had a really strong navy
4b. Why was Rome in fact the victor?
The had about 500,000 troops, Romes's citizen troops were generally more loyal
than Mercenaries employed by Carthage, and warfare was Roman specialty.
5. Why was the Battle of Zama a major turning point in history?
Rome passed on Carthage's laws, its government, and its culture to Western Civilization because they were so victorious in battle.
6a. Why did the Greeks first welcome Roman armies?
Because when marching into Mecadonia Roman's though the Greeks were protectors at first
6b. Why did the Greek attitude change?
Romans interfered in the Greek politics, their power increased and some Greek city-states tried to get away from their rule.
Vocab
Consul- highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire
Veto- Latin for "I forbid."
Senate- branch of Rome's government (often had aristocrats)
Assembly- institutions in ancient Rome and they were the machinery of the legislative branch
Dictator- a ruler who assumes sole and absolute power but without hereditary ascension
Mercenaries- a person who takes role in armed conflict but they are not a national or a party in the conflict
SPQR- letters found on roman coins that mean Senatus Populusque Romanus and in english translates to the senate and the Roman people
Twelve tables- also known as Duodecim Tabulae and it is an ancient legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman Law. It formed the center piece of the constitution of the Roman Republic and the core of the mos maiorum
Cincinnatus- an aristocrat and a political figure of the Roman Republic, serving as a consul in 460 BC and a dictator in 458 BC (patrician class)
Gauls- was a region of Western Europe during the Iron Age and Roman Era, encompassing present day France, Luxembourg, Belgium, Italy, and Switzerland
Pyrrhus- general and statesmen of the Hellenistic Era, he was king of the Greek tribe Molossians and he later became king of Epirus
Carthage- major urban centre that existed for almost 3,000 years on the Gulf of Tunis, it developed from a Phonecian colony
Monarchy- a form of government in which all political power is passed down to an individual (in the family)
Aristocracy- a form of government in which the best qualified citizen rules
Democracy- a form of government that allows all citizens to have an equal say
Veto- Latin for "I forbid."
Senate- branch of Rome's government (often had aristocrats)
Assembly- institutions in ancient Rome and they were the machinery of the legislative branch
Dictator- a ruler who assumes sole and absolute power but without hereditary ascension
Mercenaries- a person who takes role in armed conflict but they are not a national or a party in the conflict
SPQR- letters found on roman coins that mean Senatus Populusque Romanus and in english translates to the senate and the Roman people
Twelve tables- also known as Duodecim Tabulae and it is an ancient legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman Law. It formed the center piece of the constitution of the Roman Republic and the core of the mos maiorum
Cincinnatus- an aristocrat and a political figure of the Roman Republic, serving as a consul in 460 BC and a dictator in 458 BC (patrician class)
Gauls- was a region of Western Europe during the Iron Age and Roman Era, encompassing present day France, Luxembourg, Belgium, Italy, and Switzerland
Pyrrhus- general and statesmen of the Hellenistic Era, he was king of the Greek tribe Molossians and he later became king of Epirus
Carthage- major urban centre that existed for almost 3,000 years on the Gulf of Tunis, it developed from a Phonecian colony
Monarchy- a form of government in which all political power is passed down to an individual (in the family)
Aristocracy- a form of government in which the best qualified citizen rules
Democracy- a form of government that allows all citizens to have an equal say
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